');--icon-close:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 20 20'%3E%3Cpath d='M15.898 4.045c-.271-.272-.713-.272-.986 0l-4.71 4.711-4.709-4.711c-.272-.272-.714-.272-.986 0s-.272.714 0 .986l4.709 4.711-4.71 4.711c-.272.271-.272.713 0 .986.136.136.314.203.492.203.179 0 .357-.067.493-.203l4.711-4.711 4.71 4.711c.137.136.314.203.494.203.178 0 .355-.067.492-.203.273-.273.273-.715 0-.986l-4.711-4.711 4.711-4.711c.274-.272.274-.714 0-.986z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-chevron-down:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=US-ASCII,%3Csvg%20width%3D%2220%22%20height%3D%2220%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M5%206l5%205%205-5%202%201-7%207-7-7%202-1z%22%20fill%3D%22%23555%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");--icon-chevron-up:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23555'%3E%3Cpath d='M5.8 16.4c.4 0 .7-.1.9-.4l4.3-4.6c.5-.5 1.4-.5 1.9 0l4.3 4.6c.2.3.6.4.9.4 1.1 0 1.7-1.3.9-2.1l-6.2-6.8c-.5-.6-1.4-.6-1.9 0l-6.2 6.8c-.5.8.1 2.1 1.1 2.1z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-magnifying-glass:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xml:space='preserve' viewBox='0 0 53.627 53.627'%3E%3Cpath d='M53.627 49.385 37.795 33.553C40.423 30.046 42 25.709 42 21 42 9.42 32.58 0 21 0S0 9.42 0 21s9.42 21 21 21c4.709 0 9.046-1.577 12.553-4.205l15.832 15.832 4.242-4.242zM2 21C2 10.523 10.523 2 21 2s19 8.523 19 19-8.523 19-19 19S2 31.477 2 21zm33.567 15.093c.178-.172.353-.347.525-.525.146-.151.304-.29.445-.445l14.262 14.262-1.415 1.415-14.261-14.263c.155-.141.293-.299.444-.444z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-location-on:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%2389ba89'%3E%3Cpath d='M12 1C7.6 1 4 4.6 4 9s8 14 8 14 8-9.6 8-14-3.6-8-8-8zm0 12c-2.2 0-4-1.8-4-4s1.8-4 4-4 4 1.8 4 4-1.8 4-4 4z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-location-off:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23c46464'%3E%3Cpath d='M12 1C7.6 1 4 4.6 4 9s8 14 8 14 8-9.6 8-14-3.6-8-8-8zm0 12c-2.2 0-4-1.8-4-4s1.8-4 4-4 4 1.8 4 4-1.8 4-4 4z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-checkmark:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23555'%3E%3Cpath d='M22.5 4.5c-.8-.8-2.2-.8-3 0L9 15l-4.5-4.5c-.8-.8-2.2-.8-3 0s-.8 2.2 0 3L9 21 22.5 7.5c.8-.8.8-2.2 0-3z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-plus:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 256 256' fill='%23555'%3E%3Cpath d='M220 128a4.0002 4.0002 0 0 1-4 4h-84v84a4 4 0 0 1-8 0v-84H40a4 4 0 0 1 0-8h84V40a4 4 0 0 1 8 0v84h84a4.0002 4.0002 0 0 1 4 4Z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-minus:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 256 256' fill='%23555'%3E%3Cpath d='M216 132H40a4 4 0 0 1 0-8h176a4 4 0 0 1 0 8Z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-compass:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23555555'%3E%3Cpath d='M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12s4.5 10 10 10 10-4.5 10-10S17.5 2 12 2zm0 18c-4.4 0-8-3.6-8-8s3.6-8 8-8 8 3.6 8 8-3.6 8-8 8zM12 4l-2 8 2 8 2-8-2-8zm0 9c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1 1 .4 1 1-.4 1-1 1z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-options-v:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23555555'%3E%3Ccircle cx='12' cy='12' r='2'%3E%3C/circle%3E%3Ccircle cx='12' cy='5' r='2'%3E%3C/circle%3E%3Ccircle cx='12' cy='19' r='2'%3E%3C/circle%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--icon-point-down:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cg fill='%23555555'%3E%3Cpath d='M7.8 7h8.5c.8 0 1.3.8.9 1.5L13 15.6c-.4.6-1.3.6-1.7 0L6.9 8.5C6.5 7.8 7 7 7.8 7z'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");--button-icon-padding:20px}.em.pixelbones{scroll-behavior:smooth!important;font-size:var(--font-size)!important;line-height:var(--line-height)!important;font-weight:var(--font-weight)!important;font-family:var(--font-family)!important;color:var(--text-color-normal)!important;background-color:var(--background-color)!important}.em.pixelbones .pixelbones{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;margin:0}.em.pixelbones a{color:var(--accent-color)!important;background-color:transparent!important;-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}.em.pixelbones .input ::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}.em.pixelbones *{box-sizing:border-box!important}.em.pixelbones .input .button{display:inline-block;height:38px!important;padding:0 30px!important;color:var(--text-color-softer)!important;text-align:center!important;font-size:11px!important;font-weight:600!important;line-height:38px!important;letter-spacing:1px!important;text-transform:uppercase!important;text-decoration:none!important;white-space:nowrap!important;background-color:transparent!important;border-radius:4px!important;border:1px solid var(--border-color)!important;box-sizing:border-box!important}.em.pixelbones .input .button{margin-bottom:10px!important}.em.pixelbones li{margin-bottom:5px!important}.em.pixelbones section{padding:0;margin:0}.em .em-icon{display:inline-block;font-size:20px;line-height:22px;width:20px;height:20px;color:var(--meta-dashicons);margin:0 0 -4px;padding:0;background-position:0 0;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:20px}.em .em-icon.em-icon-calendar{background-image:var(--icon-calendar)}.em .em-icon.em-icon-location{background-image:var(--icon-location)}.em .em-icon.em-icon-clock{background-image:var(--icon-clock)}.em.em-calendar section{display:grid;width:100%;padding:0;margin:0}.em.em-calendar section div{text-align:center;display:block}.em.em-calendar section>div{width:100%}.em.em-calendar section.em-cal-days{grid-template-columns:repeat(7,1fr)}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-nav .button{padding:0 10px!important;margin:0!important;display:inline-block}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-nav .month-nav .em-calnav-today.is-today{opacity:.3}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-head{border:var(--header-border);background:var(--calendar-background);border-bottom:0;border-radius:8px 8px 0 0}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-head>div{background:var(--header-background);color:var(--header-color);margin:10px 0;padding:0 10px;border-left:var(--header-border);text-transform:uppercase;overflow-x:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-head>div:first-child{border-left:none}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-body.event-style-pill .em-cal-event{text-align:left;position:relative;height:28px;padding:0;margin:5px 0;font-size:14px}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-body.event-style-pill .em-cal-event>div{text-align:left;background-color:var(--event-background-color);border:1px solid var(--event-border-color);color:var(--event-color);position:absolute;width:calc(100% + 10px);height:28px;margin:0;padding:5px 8px;left:-5px;border-radius:5px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.em.em-calendar .em-cal-body.event-style-pill .em-cal-event>div a{color:var(--event-text-color)!important;text-decoration:none!important}.em.em-calendar.size-small .em-cal-body .em-cal-day .em-cal-event{display:none}.em.em-calendar.size-small .size-large:not(.size-small),.em.em-calendar.size-small .size-medium:not(.size-small){display:none!important;visibility:hidden}.em.em-modal.em-cal-date-content .em-modal-content{padding:0 0 25px;margin:25px 0!important;border-bottom:1px solid #dedede}.em.em-modal.em-cal-date-content .em-modal-content:first-of-type{margin-top:0!important}.em.em-modal.em-cal-date-content .em-modal-content:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0!important;border-bottom:0!important}@media only screen and (min-width:40rem){.em.em-modal{display:flex!important;align-items:center!important;justify-content:center!important;position:fixed!important;top:0!important;left:0!important;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;padding:40px!important;margin:0!important;z-index:99998!important;background:rgba(0,0,0,.6)!important;opacity:0!important;visibility:hidden!important;backface-visibility:hidden!important;touch-action:none}}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup{margin:0 auto!important;padding:0!important;max-width:780px!important;min-height:200px!important;max-height:calc(100vh - 80px)!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup{display:flex!important;flex-direction:column!important;align-items:flex-start!important;justify-items:center!important;justify-content:start!important;position:relative!important;background-color:#fff!important;border-radius:3px!important;visibility:hidden!important;box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.1)!important;transform:scale(1.2)!important;z-index:99999!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup header{width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #dedede;margin:0;padding:10px 0 7px 15px}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup header a.em-close-modal{display:block;width:28px;height:28px;background:var(--icon-close) no-repeat;background-size:28px 28px;position:absolute!important;top:10px!important;right:10px!important;opacity:0!important;backface-visibility:hidden!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup header .em-modal-title{font-size:24px!important;line-height:1.3!important;padding:0 32px 0 0!important;margin:0!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup header .em-modal-title a{color:var(--text-color-normal)!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup,.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup .em-modal-content{opacity:0!important;backface-visibility:hidden!important;width:100%!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup .em-modal-content{margin:0;padding:20px 15px;overflow-y:auto!important}@media only screen and (max-width:39.99rem){.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup{position:fixed!important;top:0!important;left:0!important;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;max-height:100%!important;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch!important;border-radius:0!important;transform:scale(1.1)!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.em.em-modal .em-modal-popup .em-modal-content{padding:10px 15px 15px}}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-image{min-width:150px;width:100%;height:100%}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image{width:100%;height:100%}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-image.has-placeholder,.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image.has-placeholder{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder,.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder{width:100%;max-width:150px;aspect-ratio:1/1;background:var(--icon-calendar-empty) center center no-repeat;background-size:100%;opacity:.45}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div:first-child,.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div:first-child{align-self:end}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line,.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line{line-height:22px;margin-bottom:10px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:35px 1fr}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line .em-icon,.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line .em-icon{margin-right:15px}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line a{color:var(--meta-color)!important;font-style:italic!important;text-decoration:underline dotted var(--meta-color) 1px!important;text-underline-offset:3px}.em.em-list{width:100%;display:grid;grid-template-rows:1fr;grid-gap:25px}.em.em-list .em-item{width:100%;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 2fr;border-top:1px solid #efefef;padding:30px 4px 3px;background-color:var(--meta-bg);color:var(--default-color)}.em.em-list .em-item:first-child{border-top:0;padding-top:5px}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-info{border-left:4px solid var(--default-border);padding:0 10px 0 35px}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-meta,.em.em-list-widget .em-item{margin-bottom:20px;display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-meta>div{flex:1 1 50%;min-width:250px}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-desc{font-size:16px;margin:20px 0}.em.em-list .em-item .em-item-info .button{margin-bottom:0!important}.em.em-list-widget{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:15px}.em.em-list-widget .em-item{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:5px;width:100%;margin-bottom:0!important}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image{flex:0 0 auto;min-width:auto;max-width:none}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image.has-placeholder{flex:0 0 auto}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-image.has-placeholder .em-item-image-placeholder{max-width:70px}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-info{border-left:2px solid var(--default-border);padding-left:15px}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-name{margin-bottom:10px}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line{margin-bottom:5px}.em.em-list-widget .em-item .em-item-info .em-item-meta .em-item-meta-line .em-icon{margin-left:5px;background-size:18px;background-position:0 2px}.em.em-events-list .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date,.em.em-events-widget .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date{display:grid;grid-template-rows:7fr 4fr;justify-content:center;align-items:start;height:100%;min-width:125px}.em.em-events-list .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span,.em.em-events-widget .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span{text-align:center;display:block;font-size:30px;line-height:30px}.em.em-events-list .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span.day,.em.em-events-widget .em-item-image .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span.day{font-size:45px;line-height:45px;align-self:end}.em.em-events-widget .em-item .em-item-image-placeholder div.date{padding-top:15%;min-width:60px}.em.em-events-widget .em-item .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span.day{font-size:30px!important;line-height:30px!important;margin-bottom:1px}.em.em-events-widget .em-item .em-item-image-placeholder div.date span.month{font-size:16px!important;line-height:16px!important}body .em{--font-family:inherit;--font-weight:inherit;--font-size:1em;--line-height:inherit}.content-area{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}main{display:block;min-width:0}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}a{background-color:transparent}img{border-style:none}button,input{font-size:100%;margin:0}button,input{overflow:visible}button{text-transform:none}button,[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}button:-moz-focusring,[type=submit]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}:root{--global-gray-400:#cbd5e0;--global-gray-500:#a0aec0;--global-xs-spacing:1em;--global-sm-spacing:1.5rem;--global-md-spacing:2rem;--global-lg-spacing:2.5em;--global-xl-spacing:3.5em;--global-xxl-spacing:5rem;--global-edge-spacing:1.5rem;--global-boxed-spacing:2rem;--global-font-size-small:clamp(.8rem,.73rem + .217vw,.9rem);--global-font-size-medium:clamp(1.1rem,.995rem + .326vw,1.25rem);--global-font-size-large:clamp(1.75rem,1.576rem + .543vw,2rem);--global-font-size-larger:clamp(2rem,1.6rem + 1vw,2.5rem);--global-font-size-xxlarge:clamp(2.25rem,1.728rem + 1.63vw,3rem)}h1,h2{padding:0;margin:0}html{box-sizing:border-box}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:inherit}ul{margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em;padding:0}ul{list-style:disc}li>ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:1.5em}img{display:block;height:auto;max-width:100%}a{color:var(--global-palette-highlight)}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);position:absolute!important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:normal!important}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;color:var(--global-palette5);border:1px solid var(--global-gray-400);border-radius:3px;padding:.4em .5em;max-width:100%;background:var(--global-palette9);box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0)}::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:var(--global-palette6)}::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--global-palette6);opacity:1}::placeholder{color:var(--global-palette6)}.search-form{position:relative}.search-form input[type=search],.search-form input.search-field{padding-right:60px;width:100%}.search-form .search-submit[type=submit]{top:0;right:0;bottom:0;position:absolute;color:transparent;background:0 0;z-index:2;width:50px;border:0;padding:8px 12px 7px;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;overflow:hidden}.search-form .kadence-search-icon-wrap{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;height:100%;width:50px;padding:0;text-align:center;background:0 0;z-index:3;color:var(--global-palette6);text-shadow:none;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}button,.button,input[type=submit]{border-radius:3px;background:var(--global-palette-btn-bg);color:var(--global-palette-btn);padding:.4em 1em;border:0;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.6;display:inline-block;font-family:inherit;text-decoration:none;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0)}button:visited,.button:visited,input[type=submit]:visited{background:var(--global-palette-btn-bg);color:var(--global-palette-btn)}.kadence-svg-iconset{display:inline-flex;align-self:center}.kadence-svg-iconset svg{height:1em;width:1em}.kadence-svg-iconset.svg-baseline svg{top:.125em;position:relative}.kt-clear{*zoom:1}.kt-clear:before,.kt-clear:after{content:' ';display:table}.kt-clear:after{clear:both}.content-area{margin:var(--global-xxl-spacing) 0}.entry-content{word-break:break-word}.site-container{margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--global-content-edge-padding)}.content-bg{background:#fff}@media screen and (min-width:1025px){.has-sidebar .content-container{display:grid;grid-template-columns:5fr 2fr;grid-gap:var(--global-xl-spacing);justify-content:center}#secondary{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;min-width:0}}#kt-scroll-up-reader,#kt-scroll-up{position:fixed;-webkit-transform:translateY(40px);transform:translateY(40px);opacity:0;z-index:1000;display:flex}.scroll-up-style-filled{color:var(--global-palette9);background:var(--global-palette4)}#kt-scroll-up-reader{-webkit-transform:translateY(0px);transform:translateY(0px)}#kt-scroll-up-reader:not(:focus){clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:normal!important}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.vs-sm-false{display:none!important}}@media screen and (min-width:720px) and (max-width:1024px){.vs-md-false{display:none!important}}#wrapper{overflow:hidden;overflow:clip}.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:var(--global-md-spacing)}body.footer-on-bottom #wrapper{min-height:100vh;display:flex;flex-direction:column}body.footer-on-bottom #inner-wrap{flex:1 0 auto}:root{--global-palette1:#047a01;--global-palette2:#0ac906;--global-palette3:#222;--global-palette4:#353535;--global-palette5:#454545;--global-palette6:#676767;--global-palette7:#e2eee2;--global-palette8:#f7fff7;--global-palette9:#fff;--global-palette9rgb:255,255,255;--global-palette-highlight:var(--global-palette1);--global-palette-highlight-alt:var(--global-palette2);--global-palette-highlight-alt2:var(--global-palette9);--global-palette-btn-bg:var(--global-palette1);--global-palette-btn-bg-hover:var(--global-palette2);--global-palette-btn:var(--global-palette9);--global-palette-btn-hover:var(--global-palette9);--global-body-font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;--global-heading-font-family:inherit;--global-primary-nav-font-family:inherit;--global-fallback-font:sans-serif;--global-display-fallback-font:sans-serif;--global-content-width:1290px;--global-content-narrow-width:842px;--global-content-edge-padding:1.5rem;--global-content-boxed-padding:2rem;--global-calc-content-width:calc(1290px - var(--global-content-edge-padding) - var(--global-content-edge-padding));--wp--style--global--content-size:var(--global-calc-content-width)}.wp-site-blocks{--global-vw:calc(100vw - (.5*var(--scrollbar-offset)))}body{background:var(--global-palette1)}body,input{font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;font-family:var(--global-body-font-family);color:var(--global-palette4)}.content-bg{background:var(--global-palette9)}h1,h2{font-family:var(--global-heading-font-family)}h1{font-weight:700;font-size:32px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--global-palette3)}h2{font-weight:700;font-size:28px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--global-palette3)}.site-container{max-width:var(--global-content-width)}.content-area{margin-top:5rem;margin-bottom:5rem}@media all and (max-width:1024px){.content-area{margin-top:3rem;margin-bottom:3rem}}@media all and (max-width:767px){.content-area{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}}@media all and (max-width:1024px){:root{--global-content-boxed-padding:2rem}}@media all and (max-width:767px){:root{--global-content-boxed-padding:1.5rem}}.entry-content-wrap{padding:2rem}@media all and (max-width:1024px){.entry-content-wrap{padding:2rem}}@media all and (max-width:767px){.entry-content-wrap{padding:1.5rem}}.entry.single-entry{box-shadow:0px 15px 15px -10px rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.primary-sidebar.widget-area .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;color:var(--global-palette4)}.primary-sidebar.widget-area .widget-title{font-weight:700;font-size:20px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--global-palette3)}.primary-sidebar.widget-area{background:var(--global-palette9);padding:46px}.has-sidebar:not(.has-left-sidebar):not(.rtl) .primary-sidebar.widget-area{border-left:0 none var(--global-palette7)}button,.button,input[type=submit]{border-radius:15px;box-shadow:0px 0px 0px -7px rgba(0,0,0,0)}#kt-scroll-up-reader,#kt-scroll-up{border:1px solid currentColor;border-radius:106px;color:var(--global-palette9);background:var(--global-palette1);border-color:var(--global-palette9);bottom:30px;font-size:1.2em;padding:.4em}#kt-scroll-up-reader.scroll-up-side-right,#kt-scroll-up.scroll-up-side-right{right:30px}.site-branding a.brand img{max-width:200px}.site-branding{padding:0}.site-branding .site-title{font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-size:43px;line-height:1.2;color:var(--global-palette1)}#masthead{background:#fff}.site-main-header-inner-wrap{min-height:80px}.site-bottom-header-wrap .site-header-row-container-inner{background:var(--global-palette7)}.site-bottom-header-inner-wrap{min-height:0px}.main-navigation .primary-menu-container>ul>li.menu-item>a{padding-left:calc(2.73em/2);padding-right:calc(2.73em/2);padding-top:.6em;padding-bottom:.6em;color:var(--global-palette5)}.main-navigation .primary-menu-container>ul li.menu-item>a{font-style:normal;font-weight:600}.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul.sub-menu{background:var(--global-palette7);box-shadow:0px 2px 13px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette1)}.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item>a{width:200px;padding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em;color:var(--global-palette1);font-style:normal;font-size:15px}.header-navigation .header-menu-container ul ul li.menu-item.current-menu-item>a{color:var(--global-palette7);background:var(--global-palette1)}.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open{color:var(--global-palette5);padding:.4em .6em;font-size:14px}.mobile-toggle-open-container .menu-toggle-open .menu-toggle-icon{font-size:42px}.mobile-navigation ul li{font-size:14px}.mobile-navigation ul li a{padding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em}.mobile-navigation ul li>a,.mobile-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children>.drawer-nav-drop-wrap{color:var(--global-palette8)}.mobile-navigation ul li.current-menu-item>a{color:var(--global-palette-highlight)}.mobile-navigation ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap,.mobile-navigation ul li:not(.menu-item-has-children) a{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.mobile-navigation:not(.drawer-navigation-parent-toggle-true) ul li.menu-item-has-children .drawer-nav-drop-wrap button{border-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}#mobile-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle{padding:.6em .15em;font-size:24px}.site-footer .site-top-footer-wrap a:not(.button):not(.wp-block-button__link):not(.wp-element-button){color:var(--global-palette1)}.header-item-search-bar form ::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:currentColor;opacity:.5}.header-search-bar form{max-width:100%;width:240px}.site-branding{max-height:inherit}.site-branding a.brand{display:flex;gap:1em;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;max-height:inherit}.site-branding a.brand img{display:block}.site-branding .site-title{margin:0}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.site-branding.branding-mobile-layout-standard:not(.site-brand-logo-only) a.brand{flex-direction:row}}.header-navigation ul ul.sub-menu{display:none;position:absolute;top:100%;flex-direction:column;background:#fff;margin-left:0;box-shadow:0 2px 13px rgba(0,0,0,.1);z-index:1000}.header-navigation ul ul.sub-menu>li:last-child{border-bottom:0}.nav--toggle-sub .dropdown-nav-toggle{display:block;background:0 0;position:absolute;right:0;top:50%;width:.7em;height:.7em;font-size:inherit;width:.9em;height:.9em;font-size:.9em;display:inline-flex;line-height:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;border-radius:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);overflow:visible}.nav--toggle-sub li.menu-item-has-children{position:relative}.nav-drop-title-wrap{position:relative;padding-right:1em;display:block}.header-navigation,.header-menu-container{display:flex}.header-navigation li.menu-item>a{display:block;width:100%;text-decoration:none;color:var(--global-palette4);-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.header-navigation ul.sub-menu{display:block;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.header-navigation ul li.menu-item>a{padding:.6em .5em}.header-navigation ul ul li.menu-item>a{padding:1em}.header-navigation ul ul li.menu-item>a{width:200px}.header-navigation .menu{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.menu-toggle-open{display:flex;background:0 0;align-items:center;box-shadow:none}.menu-toggle-open .menu-toggle-icon{display:flex}.menu-toggle-open.menu-toggle-style-default{border:0}.wp-site-blocks .menu-toggle-open{box-shadow:none}.mobile-navigation{width:100%}.mobile-navigation a{display:block;width:100%;text-decoration:none;padding:.6em .5em}.mobile-navigation ul{display:block;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.drawer-nav-drop-wrap{display:flex;position:relative}.drawer-nav-drop-wrap a{color:inherit}.drawer-nav-drop-wrap .drawer-sub-toggle{background:0 0;color:inherit;padding:.5em .7em;display:flex;border:0;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;line-height:normal}.mobile-navigation ul ul{padding-left:1em}.mobile-navigation ul.has-collapse-sub-nav ul.sub-menu{display:none}.popup-drawer{position:fixed;display:none;top:0;bottom:0;left:-99999rem;right:99999rem;z-index:100000}.popup-drawer .drawer-overlay{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.4);position:fixed;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;opacity:0}.popup-drawer .drawer-inner{width:100%;-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);max-width:90%;right:0;top:0;overflow:auto;background:#090c10;color:#fff;bottom:0;opacity:0;position:fixed;box-shadow:0 0 2rem 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);display:flex;flex-direction:column}.popup-drawer .drawer-header{padding:0 1.5em;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;min-height:calc(1.2em + 24px)}.popup-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle{background:0 0;border:0;font-size:24px;line-height:1;padding:.6em .15em;color:inherit;display:flex;box-shadow:none;border-radius:0}.popup-drawer .drawer-content{padding:0 1.5em 1.5em}.popup-drawer .drawer-header .drawer-toggle{width:1em;position:relative;height:1em;box-sizing:content-box;font-size:24px}.drawer-toggle .toggle-close-bar{width:.75em;height:.08em;background:currentColor;-webkit-transform-origin:center center;transform-origin:center center;position:absolute;margin-top:-.04em;opacity:0;border-radius:.08em;left:50%;margin-left:-.375em;top:50%;-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg) translateX(-50%);transform:rotate(45deg) translateX(-50%)}.drawer-toggle .toggle-close-bar:last-child{-webkit-transform:rotate(-45deg) translateX(50%);transform:rotate(-45deg) translateX(50%)}#main-header{display:none}#masthead{position:relative;z-index:11}@media screen and (min-width:1025px){#main-header{display:block}#mobile-header{display:none}}.site-header-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto auto}.site-header-row.site-header-row-center-column{grid-template-columns:1fr auto 1fr}.site-header-row.site-header-row-only-center-column{display:flex;justify-content:center}.site-header-row.site-header-row-only-center-column .site-header-section-center{flex-grow:1}.site-header-section{display:flex;max-height:inherit}.site-header-item{display:flex;align-items:center;margin-right:10px;max-height:inherit}.site-header-section>.site-header-item:last-child{margin-right:0}.drawer-content .site-header-item{margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px}.drawer-content .site-header-item:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.site-header-section-right{justify-content:flex-end}.site-header-section-center{justify-content:center}.header-navigation-layout-stretch-true{flex-grow:1}.header-navigation-layout-stretch-true .header-navigation{flex-grow:1}.header-navigation-layout-stretch-true .header-navigation .header-menu-container{flex-grow:1}.header-navigation-layout-stretch-true .header-navigation .header-menu-container .menu{flex-grow:1;justify-content:space-between}#mobile-drawer{z-index:99999}.widget{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5em}.widget-area .widget-title{font-size:20px;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:.5em;text-transform:uppercase}.widget-area .widget{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.widget li{line-height:1.8}.entry{box-shadow:0px 15px 25px -10px rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-radius:.25rem}.content-wrap{position:relative}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.content-style-boxed .content-bg:not(.loop-entry){margin-left:-1rem;margin-right:-1rem;width:auto}.primary-sidebar{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.single-content{margin:var(--global-md-spacing) 0 0}.single-content p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--global-md-spacing)}.entry-content:after{display:table;clear:both;content:''}.entry-taxonomies{margin-bottom:.5em;letter-spacing:.05em;font-size:70%;text-transform:uppercase}.entry-taxonomies a{text-decoration:none;font-weight:700}.entry-header{margin-bottom:1em}.entry-title{word-wrap:break-word}.primary-sidebar{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.primary-sidebar{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1025px){.primary-sidebar{padding:0;margin:0}.has-sticky-sidebar-widget #wrapper{overflow:visible}.has-sticky-sidebar-widget .sidebar-inner-wrap{height:100%}}:root{--global-kb-font-size-sm:clamp(.8rem,.73rem + .217vw,.9rem);--global-kb-font-size-md:clamp(1.1rem,.995rem + .326vw,1.25rem);--global-kb-font-size-lg:clamp(1.75rem,1.576rem + .543vw,2rem);--global-kb-font-size-xl:clamp(2.25rem,1.728rem + 1.63vw,3rem);--global-kb-font-size-xxl:clamp(2.5rem,1.456rem + 3.26vw,4rem);--global-kb-font-size-xxxl:clamp(2.75rem,.489rem + 7.065vw,6rem)}
Spinning – Samoyed Breeders & Owners League
Skip to content Written by Betty Brewer, 1990
Samoyed undercoat is the most profuse and luxurious of all dog fibres. It is wonderfully strong, and being nearly white, will dye to any colour. The Samoyed owningSpinningPicture spinner is indeed privileged. Garments made of these combings resemble Angora rabbit wool and are equally soft and warm.
The best undercoat for spinning is that from the first two weeks of the moult but it can be combed out for as long as it as easily lifted out of the skin. As soon as the guard hairs start to fall, the combings should not be saved as it will be more difficult to spin and will produce a more scratchy yarn. (It is slightly easier to spin dirty undercoat as it contains a small amount of oil.)
The undercoat may be spun as it comes off the dog, without any preparation. This, however, is difficult for beginners and it will require a very loose tension on the wheel and a high degree or twist or it will come apart as it is being spun. Also, it will have less elasticity than when mixed with a fibre with some crimp, like sheep’s fleece** and this is the more popular way to spin dog combings. It is combined, on special “carders”, with sheep’s fleece in varying amounts. You could use half Samoyed and half fleece for a very fluffy yarn or less Samoyed as required.
Alternatively, you could ply one reel of Samoyed, spun straight from the dog and one reel of fleece (or silk, cotton or synthetic, etc.)
Plying is the process when two reels of spun yarn are twisted together in the reverse direction to the spinning, and this produces the spun yarn which will not pull to the left or right when made in to an article.
The yarn is then taken off the reel and wound into a large skein, tied loosely in several places and washed in a mild detergent such as Stergene. If the fleece is used in conjunction with the dog wool it is advisable to soak the spun yarn in very hot water before washing, to preshrink it, but Samoyed wool on its own should not shrink or mat. Knitted and crocheted garments should be shaken out after each washing. They may need a slight brushing to stop the “moult”.
For those wishing to learn to spin, some spinning suppliers offer short courses and adult education institutes have spinning and weaving classes.
Spinning wheels vary from around £100 for an upright portable model to £300 plus for a super Saxony wheel.
It should last a lifetime and requires little maintenance other than oiling moving parts and changing the cords occasionally.
N.B. A spindle may be used instead of a wheel for Samoyed fleece combinations and this method of spinning is usually taught to beginners to get the feel of drawing out and twisting fibres. However, it is very slow and difficult to obtain a fine yarn.
Nevertheless, it does have its uses and the cost, of course, is minimal.
** Suitable fleeces for combining with Samoyed combings are; Shetland, Romney Marsh, Suffolk or any of the “Down” breeds, i.e. Hampshire, Dorset or Oxford. It must be fine, with some crimp, and have a soft feel.
Scroll to top
Scroll to top